COVID-19：サノフィ/ケブザラとロシュ/アクテムラ：臨床試験､重症患者のみ有効（動画）：
COVID-19：Two Arthritis Drugs Show Different Benefits for Coronavirus：
COVID-19：两种关节炎药物对冠状病毒显示不同的益处
COVID-19：
2020年4月28日 2:39 JST
新型コロナウイルス患者の治療薬として関節リウマチ治療薬を使用した２件の臨床試験の結果が公表された。
- サノフィとリジェネロン/ケブザラは、重症患者に対してのみ有効の可能性
- ロシュ/アクテムラは、より広範な新型コロナ患者に有効の可能性
結果は異なる内容となり、リウマチ薬を患者に幅広く投与できるとの期待はくじかれた。
仏サノフィ/米リジェネロン：「ケブザラ」
「ケブザラ」は、重症患者に対してしか有効ではない可能性が示された。
ロシュ・ホールディング：「アクテムラ」
一方、ロシュ・ホールディングの「アクテムラ」は、小規模な臨床試験が行われた。
「アクテムラ」は、広範囲にわたる患者に対して有効性を示す可能性が明らかになった。
ただロシュの試験結果については完全な形でまだ発表されていない。
関節炎の治療薬：
ウイルスを直接攻撃することはないが、病原体に反応する免疫システムに効果を及ぼすと考えられており、
過剰な免疫反応である「サイトカインストーム」の防止を目指している。
Bloomberg
https://www.bloomberg.co.jp/news/articles/2020-04-27/Q9GBNXT0G1LA01
Two Arthritis Drugs Show Different Benefits for Coronavirus
April 27, 2020, 11:07 PM
Sanofi, Regeneron to keep studying drug in sickest patients
Kevzara is “long shot” for Covid-19, according to Sanofi CEO
Conflicting trial results on Monday
dealt a blow to the idea of using rheumatoid arthritis medicines for a broad group of coronavirus patients.
One clinical trial, from Sanofi and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.,
suggested that arthritis medicine Kevzara might help only people who were critically ill — prompting the companies to push forward with a bigger study focused on the most dire cases.
A smaller trial of a similar drug, Roche Holding AG’s Actemra,
showed a potential benefit in a broader group, though the results haven’t been published in full.
The arthritis-drug effort is one of many programs to evaluate known treatments — from antiviral drugs to plasma from recovered patients — against Covid-19 in stringent clinical tests as the number of infections globally nears 3 million.
Unlike antivirals, arthritis drugs
won’t attack the virus directly, but instead are thought to have an effect on the immune system’s response to the pathogen.
The idea is to prevent the massive immune reaction — the “cytokine storm” — that chokes the lungs of the sickest patients.
The research on Actemra
could point to an advantage, though “data from larger trials are needed to prove the efficacy of both drugs,” Sam Fazeli and Cinney Zhang, analysts for Bloomberg Intelligence, wrote in a note.
The Sanofi and Regeneron trial
did show that Kevzara lowered a key measure of inflammation. Patients who took the drug had lower levels of c-reactive protein, an inflammation signal, than those given a placebo in an intermediate study, the companies said Monday.
The medicine only helped the most severely ill group of people, though, leading to the decision about who to enlist in the next stage of research.
Meanwhile, Roche’s Actemra
did seem to help less seriously ill patients in a smaller 129-person study, researchers at Assistance Publique – Hopitaux de Paris said on Monday. Patients who were hospitalized for moderate or severe pneumonia — but weren’t sick enough for intensive care — were less likely to die or need to be put on a ventilator when they took the drug, the study showed.