COVID-19：早稻田大学超敏感抗原测试：30分钟内检测到病毒
COVID-19：
早稻田大学：伊藤教授。研究小组
大大简化了常规PCR测试方法，
病毒检测灵敏度高，
我们已经成功开发了一种超灵敏的抗原检测方法（新的检测方法）。
快速简便的“抗原测试”：
对于新的冠状病毒感染性疾病，普通诊所很难进行PCR检测。
人们期待已久的对“抗原测试”的广泛传播的需求可以替代这些方法，并且可以快速，轻松地进行测试。
常规问题：
到目前为止，抗原测试还存在诸如“检测灵敏度不足和无法区分检测到的病毒”之类的问题。
此解决方案：
使用许多实验室提供的酶标仪。
我们已经开发出了一种比PCR测试更便宜，更简单的方法，该方法仅测量特定波长的光的吸收变化。
将来，我们将尽快对实际患者样本进行测量，以期在30分钟内检测出病毒。
使用酶标仪
使用了“我们一直在研究的超痕量蛋白质的超灵敏定量测量方法”。
使用酶标仪，您可以“仅通过测量特定波长的光吸收变化来检测病毒”。
使用的试剂比PCR测试便宜得多，并且可以高灵敏度检测新的冠状病毒。
研究结果：
于2020年8月14日（日本时间）在国际科学杂志“诊断”上发表。
https://www.jst.go.jp/pr/announce/20200819/index.html
Received: 17 July 2020; Accepted: 12 August 2020; Published: 14 August 2020
Abstract:
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based antigen tests are technically difficult,
time-consuming, and expensive, and may produce false negative results requiring follow-up confirmation with computed tomography.
The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic
has increased the demand for accurate, easy-to-use, rapid, and cost-effective antigen tests for clinical application.
We propose a de novo antigen test for diagnosing COVID-19 using the combination of sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and thio-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (thio-NAD) cycling.
Our test
takes advantage of the spike proteins specific to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus.
The limit of detection of our test was 2.3 × 10−18 moles/assay.
If the virus has ~25 spike proteins on its surface, our method should detect on the order of 10−20 moles of virus/assay, corresponding to ~104 copies of the virus RNA/assay.
The detection sensitivity
approaches that of PCR-based assays because the average virus RNA load used for PCR-based assays is ~105 copies per oro- or naso-pharyngeal swab specimen.
To our knowledge, this is the first ultrasensitive antigen test for SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins that can be performed with an easy-to-use microplate reader.
Sufficient sensitivity can be achieved within 10 min of thio-NAD cycling.
Our antigen test allows for rapid, cost-effective, specific, ultrasensitive, and simultaneous multiple measurements of SARS-CoV-2, and has broad application for the diagnosis for COVID-19.